Exploring Kallanai and Its History

Ancient Engineering Marvel

Built by the Chola King Karikalan in the 2nd century AD, Kallanai is recognized as the world's oldest dam still in operation, spanning nearly 2,000 years of continuous service.

Construction Technique

The dam was constructed using a unique technique of laying unhewn stone, with no mortar binding. The structure is 329 meters long and 20 meters wide, demonstrating advanced ancient engineering.

Purpose and Function

Kallanai was built to divert the waters of River Kaveri for irrigation purposes, creating a sophisticated canal system that transformed the region into the "Rice Bowl of Tamil Nadu."

Cultural Impact

The dam enabled the flourishing of Chola civilization by ensuring water security for agriculture. This led to population growth, trade expansion, and cultural development in the region.

Modern Relevance

Even today, Kallanai continues to serve its original purpose, irrigating thousands of acres of farmland. It stands as a testament to the ingenuity of ancient Tamil engineers.

UNESCO Recognition

The dam has been proposed for UNESCO World Heritage status, recognizing its unique historical and engineering significance in world civilization.